mirror of https://github.com/openssl/openssl
250 lines
6.6 KiB
Plaintext
250 lines
6.6 KiB
Plaintext
=pod
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{- OpenSSL::safe::output_do_not_edit_headers(); -}
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=head1 NAME
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openssl-rsautl - RSA command
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=head1 SYNOPSIS
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B<openssl> B<rsautl>
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[B<-help>]
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[B<-in> I<file>]
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[B<-passin> I<arg>]
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[B<-rev>]
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[B<-out> I<file>]
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[B<-inkey> I<filename>|I<uri>]
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[B<-keyform> B<DER>|B<PEM>|B<P12>|B<ENGINE>]
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[B<-pubin>]
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[B<-certin>]
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[B<-sign>]
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[B<-verify>]
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[B<-encrypt>]
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[B<-decrypt>]
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[B<-pkcs>]
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[B<-x931>]
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[B<-oaep>]
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[B<-raw>]
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[B<-hexdump>]
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[B<-asn1parse>]
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{- $OpenSSL::safe::opt_engine_synopsis -}{- $OpenSSL::safe::opt_r_synopsis -}
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{- $OpenSSL::safe::opt_provider_synopsis -}
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=head1 DESCRIPTION
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This command has been deprecated.
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The L<openssl-pkeyutl(1)> command should be used instead.
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This command can be used to sign, verify, encrypt and decrypt
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data using the RSA algorithm.
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=head1 OPTIONS
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=over 4
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=item B<-help>
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Print out a usage message.
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=item B<-in> I<filename>
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This specifies the input filename to read data from or standard input
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if this option is not specified.
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=item B<-passin> I<arg>
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The passphrase used in the output file.
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See see L<openssl-passphrase-options(1)>.
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=item B<-rev>
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Reverse the order of the input.
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=item B<-out> I<filename>
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Specifies the output filename to write to or standard output by
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default.
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=item B<-inkey> I<filename>|I<uri>
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The input key, by default it should be an RSA private key.
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=item B<-keyform> B<DER>|B<PEM>|B<P12>|B<ENGINE>
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The key format; unspecified by default.
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See L<openssl-format-options(1)> for details.
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=item B<-pubin>
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By default a private key is read from the key input.
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With this option a public key is read instead.
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If the input contains no public key but a private key, its public part is used.
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=item B<-certin>
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The input is a certificate containing an RSA public key.
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=item B<-sign>
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Sign the input data and output the signed result. This requires
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an RSA private key.
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=item B<-verify>
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Verify the input data and output the recovered data.
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=item B<-encrypt>
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Encrypt the input data using an RSA public key.
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=item B<-decrypt>
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Decrypt the input data using an RSA private key.
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=item B<-pkcs>, B<-oaep>, B<-x931>, B<-raw>
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The padding to use: PKCS#1 v1.5 (the default), PKCS#1 OAEP,
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ANSI X9.31, or no padding, respectively.
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For signatures, only B<-pkcs> and B<-raw> can be used.
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Note: because of protection against Bleichenbacher attacks, decryption
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using PKCS#1 v1.5 mode will not return errors in case padding check failed.
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Use B<-raw> and inspect the returned value manually to check if the
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padding is correct.
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=item B<-hexdump>
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Hex dump the output data.
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=item B<-asn1parse>
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Parse the ASN.1 output data, this is useful when combined with the
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B<-verify> option.
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{- $OpenSSL::safe::opt_engine_item -}
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{- $OpenSSL::safe::opt_r_item -}
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{- $OpenSSL::safe::opt_provider_item -}
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=back
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=head1 NOTES
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Since this command uses the RSA algorithm directly, it can only be
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used to sign or verify small pieces of data.
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=head1 EXAMPLES
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Examples equivalent to these can be found in the documentation for the
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non-deprecated L<openssl-pkeyutl(1)> command.
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Sign some data using a private key:
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openssl rsautl -sign -in file -inkey key.pem -out sig
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Recover the signed data
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openssl rsautl -verify -in sig -inkey key.pem
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Examine the raw signed data:
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openssl rsautl -verify -in sig -inkey key.pem -raw -hexdump
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0000 - 00 01 ff ff ff ff ff ff-ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ................
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0010 - ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff-ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ................
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0020 - ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff-ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ................
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0030 - ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff-ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ................
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0040 - ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff-ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ................
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0050 - ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff-ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ................
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0060 - ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff-ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ................
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0070 - ff ff ff ff 00 68 65 6c-6c 6f 20 77 6f 72 6c 64 .....hello world
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The PKCS#1 block formatting is evident from this. If this was done using
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encrypt and decrypt the block would have been of type 2 (the second byte)
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and random padding data visible instead of the 0xff bytes.
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It is possible to analyse the signature of certificates using this
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command in conjunction with L<openssl-asn1parse(1)>. Consider the self signed
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example in F<certs/pca-cert.pem>. Running L<openssl-asn1parse(1)> as follows
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yields:
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openssl asn1parse -in pca-cert.pem
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0:d=0 hl=4 l= 742 cons: SEQUENCE
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4:d=1 hl=4 l= 591 cons: SEQUENCE
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8:d=2 hl=2 l= 3 cons: cont [ 0 ]
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10:d=3 hl=2 l= 1 prim: INTEGER :02
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13:d=2 hl=2 l= 1 prim: INTEGER :00
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16:d=2 hl=2 l= 13 cons: SEQUENCE
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18:d=3 hl=2 l= 9 prim: OBJECT :md5WithRSAEncryption
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29:d=3 hl=2 l= 0 prim: NULL
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31:d=2 hl=2 l= 92 cons: SEQUENCE
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33:d=3 hl=2 l= 11 cons: SET
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35:d=4 hl=2 l= 9 cons: SEQUENCE
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37:d=5 hl=2 l= 3 prim: OBJECT :countryName
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42:d=5 hl=2 l= 2 prim: PRINTABLESTRING :AU
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....
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599:d=1 hl=2 l= 13 cons: SEQUENCE
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601:d=2 hl=2 l= 9 prim: OBJECT :md5WithRSAEncryption
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612:d=2 hl=2 l= 0 prim: NULL
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614:d=1 hl=3 l= 129 prim: BIT STRING
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The final BIT STRING contains the actual signature. It can be extracted with:
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openssl asn1parse -in pca-cert.pem -out sig -noout -strparse 614
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The certificate public key can be extracted with:
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openssl x509 -in test/testx509.pem -pubkey -noout >pubkey.pem
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The signature can be analysed with:
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openssl rsautl -in sig -verify -asn1parse -inkey pubkey.pem -pubin
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0:d=0 hl=2 l= 32 cons: SEQUENCE
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2:d=1 hl=2 l= 12 cons: SEQUENCE
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4:d=2 hl=2 l= 8 prim: OBJECT :md5
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14:d=2 hl=2 l= 0 prim: NULL
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16:d=1 hl=2 l= 16 prim: OCTET STRING
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0000 - f3 46 9e aa 1a 4a 73 c9-37 ea 93 00 48 25 08 b5 .F...Js.7...H%..
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This is the parsed version of an ASN1 DigestInfo structure. It can be seen that
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the digest used was md5. The actual part of the certificate that was signed can
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be extracted with:
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openssl asn1parse -in pca-cert.pem -out tbs -noout -strparse 4
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and its digest computed with:
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openssl md5 -c tbs
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MD5(tbs)= f3:46:9e:aa:1a:4a:73:c9:37:ea:93:00:48:25:08:b5
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which it can be seen agrees with the recovered value above.
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=head1 SEE ALSO
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L<openssl(1)>,
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L<openssl-pkeyutl(1)>,
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L<openssl-dgst(1)>,
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L<openssl-rsa(1)>,
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L<openssl-genrsa(1)>
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=head1 HISTORY
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This command was deprecated in OpenSSL 3.0.
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The B<-engine> option was deprecated in OpenSSL 3.0.
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=head1 COPYRIGHT
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Copyright 2000-2023 The OpenSSL Project Authors. All Rights Reserved.
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Licensed under the Apache License 2.0 (the "License"). You may not use
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this file except in compliance with the License. You can obtain a copy
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in the file LICENSE in the source distribution or at
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L<https://www.openssl.org/source/license.html>.
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=cut
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