openssl/include/internal/quic_reactor.h

/*
 * Copyright 2022 The OpenSSL Project Authors. All Rights Reserved.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License 2.0 (the "License").  You may not use
 * this file except in compliance with the License.  You can obtain a copy
 * in the file LICENSE in the source distribution or at
 * https://www.openssl.org/source/license.html
 */
#ifndef OSSL_QUIC_REACTOR_H
# define OSSL_QUIC_REACTOR_H

# include "internal/time.h"
# include "internal/sockets.h"
# include <openssl/bio.h>

# ifndef OPENSSL_NO_QUIC

/*
 * Core I/O Reactor Framework
 * ==========================
 *
 * Manages use of async network I/O which the QUIC stack is built on. The core
 * mechanic looks like this:
 *
 *   - There is a pollable FD for both the read and write side respectively.
 *     Readability and writeability of these FDs respectively determines when
 *     network I/O is available.
 *
 *   - The reactor can export these FDs to the user, as well as flags indicating
 *     whether the user should listen for readability, writeability, or neither.
 *
 *   - The reactor can export a timeout indication to the user, indicating when
 *     the reactor should be called (via libssl APIs) regardless of whether
 *     the network socket has become ready.
 *
 * The reactor is based around a tick callback which is essentially the mutator
 * function. The mutator attempts to do whatever it can, attempting to perform
 * network I/O to the extent currently feasible. When done, the mutator returns
 * information to the reactor indicating when it should be woken up again:
 *
 *   - Should it be woken up when network RX is possible?
 *   - Should it be woken up when network TX is possible?
 *   - Should it be woken up no later than some deadline X?
 *
 * The intention is that ALL I/O-related SSL_* functions with side effects (e.g.
 * SSL_read/SSL_write) consist of three phases:
 *
 *   - Optionally mutate the QUIC machine's state.
 *   - Optionally tick the QUIC reactor.
 *   - Optionally mutate the QUIC machine's state.
 *
 * For example, SSL_write is a mutation (appending to a stream buffer) followed
 * by an optional tick (generally expected as we may want to send the data
 * immediately, though not strictly needed if transmission is being deferred due
 * to Nagle's algorithm, etc.).
 *
 * SSL_read is also a mutation and in principle does not need to tick the
 * reactor, but it generally will anyway to ensure that the reactor is regularly
 * ticked by an application which is only reading and not writing.
 *
 * If the SSL object is being used in blocking mode, SSL_read may need to block
 * if no data is available yet, and SSL_write may need to block if buffers
 * are full.
 *
 * The internals of the QUIC I/O engine always use asynchronous I/O. If the
 * application desires blocking semantics, we handle this by adding a blocking
 * adaptation layer on top of our internal asynchronous I/O API as exposed by
 * the reactor interface.
 */
typedef struct quic_tick_result_st {
    char        net_read_desired;
    char        net_write_desired;
    OSSL_TIME   tick_deadline;
} QUIC_TICK_RESULT;

typedef struct quic_reactor_st {
    /*
     * BIO poll descriptors which can be polled. poll_r is a poll descriptor
     * which becomes readable when the QUIC state machine can potentially do
     * work, and poll_w is a poll descriptor which becomes writable when the
     * QUIC state machine can potentially do work. Generally, either of these
     * conditions means that SSL_tick() should be called, or another SSL
     * function which implicitly calls SSL_tick() (e.g. SSL_read/SSL_write()).
     */
    BIO_POLL_DESCRIPTOR poll_r, poll_w;
    OSSL_TIME tick_deadline; /* ossl_time_infinite() if none currently applicable */

    void (*tick_cb)(QUIC_TICK_RESULT *res, void *arg);
    void *tick_cb_arg;

    /*
     * These are true if we would like to know when we can read or write from
     * the network respectively.
     */
    unsigned int net_read_desired   : 1;
    unsigned int net_write_desired  : 1;
} QUIC_REACTOR;

void ossl_quic_reactor_init(QUIC_REACTOR *rtor,
                            void (*tick_cb)(QUIC_TICK_RESULT *res, void *arg),
                            void *tick_cb_arg,
                            OSSL_TIME initial_tick_deadline);

void ossl_quic_reactor_set_poll_r(QUIC_REACTOR *rtor,
                                  const BIO_POLL_DESCRIPTOR *r);

void ossl_quic_reactor_set_poll_w(QUIC_REACTOR *rtor,
                                  const BIO_POLL_DESCRIPTOR *w);

const BIO_POLL_DESCRIPTOR *ossl_quic_reactor_get_poll_r(QUIC_REACTOR *rtor);

const BIO_POLL_DESCRIPTOR *ossl_quic_reactor_get_poll_w(QUIC_REACTOR *rtor);

int ossl_quic_reactor_net_read_desired(QUIC_REACTOR *rtor);

int ossl_quic_reactor_net_write_desired(QUIC_REACTOR *rtor);

OSSL_TIME ossl_quic_reactor_get_tick_deadline(QUIC_REACTOR *rtor);

/*
 * Do whatever work can be done, and as much work as can be done. This involves
 * e.g. seeing if we can read anything from the network (if we want to), seeing
 * if we can write anything to the network (if we want to), etc.
 */
int ossl_quic_reactor_tick(QUIC_REACTOR *rtor);

/*
 * Blocking I/O Adaptation Layer
 * =============================
 *
 * The blocking I/O adaptation layer implements blocking I/O on top of our
 * asynchronous core.
 *
 * The core mechanism is block_until_pred(), which does not return until pred()
 * returns a value other than 0. The blocker uses OS I/O synchronisation
 * primitives (e.g. poll(2)) and ticks the reactor until the predicate is
 * satisfied. The blocker is not required to call pred() more than once between
 * tick calls.
 *
 * When pred returns a non-zero value, that value is returned by this function.
 * This can be used to allow pred() to indicate error conditions and short
 * circuit the blocking process.
 *
 * A return value of -1 is reserved for network polling errors. Therefore this
 * return value should not be used by pred() if ambiguity is not desired. Note
 * that the predicate function can always arrange its own output mechanism, for
 * example by passing a structure of its own as the argument.
 *
 * If the SKIP_FIRST_TICK flag is set, the first call to reactor_tick() before
 * the first call to pred() is skipped. This is useful if it is known that
 * ticking the reactor again will not be useful (e.g. because it has already
 * been done).
 */
#define SKIP_FIRST_TICK     (1U << 0)

int ossl_quic_reactor_block_until_pred(QUIC_REACTOR *rtor,
                                       int (*pred)(void *arg), void *pred_arg,
                                       uint32_t flags);

# endif

#endif